Climate zones in Saint Pierre and Miquelon, 1991 to 2020
Share of Saint Pierre and Miquelon's classified land in each Köppen-Geiger zone in 1991 to 2020. Zones under 0.05% are left out. The 356 map cells used cover 86% of the country's outline (about 209 km²).
By major group: D (cold (continental)) 100%.
Almost all of Saint Pierre and Miquelon is one climate: Dfc, subarctic (boreal), which covers 100% of its classified land in 1991 to 2020. In plain terms, subarctic (boreal) means long, cold winters and short, cool summers. Under the middle-of-the-road scenario (SSP2-4.5), 100% of its land is projected to be in a different zone by 2071 to 2099, with the biggest gain going to Dfb (warm-summer humid continental). The most common zone would then be Dfb (warm-summer humid continental).
How Saint Pierre and Miquelon's zones have changed and may change
Each row compares a map with 1991 to 2020. "Share in a different zone" is the share of the country's area whose class is different from 1991 to 2020. Future rows are model projections under an emissions scenario, not forecasts.
| Map | Share in a different zone | Different major group | Biggest gain | Biggest loss |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1901 to 1930 (past) | 0% | 0% | No change | No change |
| 2071 to 2099, SSP1-2.6 (low emissions) | 100% | 0% | Dfb +100 percentage points | Dfc -100 percentage points |
| 2071 to 2099, SSP2-4.5 (middle of the road) | 100% | 6.2% | Dfb +93.8 percentage points | Dfc -100 percentage points |
| 2071 to 2099, SSP5-8.5 (high emissions) | 100% | 100% | Cfb +100 percentage points | Dfc -100 percentage points |
For the past row, the comparison runs the other way: the 1901 to 1930 map against 1991 to 2020.
Zone shares by map
| Zone | 1901 to 1930 | 1991 to 2020 | SSP1-2.6 (2071 to 2099) | SSP2-4.5 (2071 to 2099) | SSP5-8.5 (2071 to 2099) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dfc Subarctic (boreal) | 100% | 100% | - | - | - |
| Dfb Warm-summer humid continental | - | - | 100% | 94% | - |
| Cfb Temperate oceanic | - | - | - | 6.2% | 100% |
Percentages are of the country's classified land in each map. A dash means under 0.05%.
Zones found in Saint Pierre and Miquelon
Data: Beck et al. (2023), CC BY 4.0; country outlines from Natural Earth. In 1901 to 1930 the most common zone was Dfc. See data sources and licences.